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Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is characterized by excessive worry and anxiety that are difficult to control, cause significant distress and impairment, and occur on more days than not for at least six months [ 1 ]. GAD is a relatively common disorder, most often with an adult onset and chronic course [ 2-6 ].Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) is a clinical radiographic syndrome of heterogeneous etiologies that are grouped together because of similar findings on neuroimaging studies. It is also often referred to as: To continue reading this article, you must sign in with your personal, hospital, or group practice subscription ...UpToDate is one of the most trusted brands in healthcare, providing key clinical and drug information at the point of care, and advanced technologies to educate and engage patients and members. Explore the different elements of the UpToDate suite of solutions that can help support better patient care.As the condition progresses, most people eventually have inflammation of the joints in the arms or legs. Less commonly, some people have inflammation of the hips and in the upper part of the spine. Joint symptoms — Joint-related symptoms typically include stiffness, pain, redness, warmth to the touch, and swelling.Dissolved CO 2 + H 2 O ↔ H 2 CO 3 ↔ HCO 3- + H +. The ratio between these reactants can be expressed by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. By convention, the pKa of 6.10 is used when the denominator is the concentration of dissolved CO 2, and this is proportional to the pCO 2 (the actual concentration of the acid H 2 CO 3 is very …

Vaginal yeast infections (also called yeast vaginitis or vaginal candidiasis) are a common problem in women. The most common symptoms are itching and irritation of the vulva and around the opening of the vagina. Vaginal yeast infections usually occur as infrequent episodes, but can recur frequently and may cause chronic persistent symptoms.UpToDate is an online resource that helps you make informed decisions about medical care. Access the latest evidence, expert opinions, and patient education with your subscription.Second dose of a 2023-2024 COVID-19 vaccine for individuals 65 years and older (April 2024) In the United States, a single dose of an updated 2023-2024 formula COVID-19 vaccine is recommended for all immunocompetent adults and adolescents, regardless of prior vaccination history. In February 2024, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ...

The inpatient management of syndromes associated with moderate and severe alcohol withdrawal is reviewed here. The ambulatory management of mild alcohol withdrawal, the initial diagnosis and treatment of alcohol use disorder, and specific conditions due to alcohol-related organ damage (eg, cirrhosis, pancreatitis) are …Conjunctivitis, also called "pink eye," is defined as an inflammation of the conjunctiva. The conjunctiva is the thin membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelids and the whites of the eyes (called the sclera) ( figure 1 ). Conjunctivitis can affect children and adults. The most common symptoms of conjunctivitis include a red eye and ...

Please make your check payable to UpToDate. All checks must be in US dollars and drawn on a US bank. Please mail your payment to: UpToDate Inc. P.O. Box 412094. Boston, MA 02241-2094. Your order will be processed upon receipt of your completed order form and check. Average processing time is two to three business days.Remember Dollar Shave Club? It's the service that delivers fresh razors to your doorstep, monthly, for a fraction of the cost of the grocery-store equivalent. They had a killer vir...Enterococcal species can cause a variety of infections, including urinary tract infections, bacteremia, endocarditis, and meningitis. The antimicrobial agents available for treatment of enterococcal infection are reviewed here, followed by treatment approaches for clinical syndromes caused by enterococci. Other issues related to enterococci are ...In-application and email messages will remind you to log in to UpToDate from your organization's network to re-verify your affiliation. If you are no longer affiliated with the providing institution: You can still access UpToDate if you are no longer affiliated with your institution by purchasing an individual subscription. Click here to subscribe.

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UpToDate is a trusted source of clinical information for health professionals. However, the page you are looking for can't be found. Try searching for a different topic or language.Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is the care of patients using the best available research evidence to guide clinical decision-making ( figure 1) [ 1,2 ]. The value of EBM is heightened in light of the following considerations: The volume of evidence available to guide clinical decisions continues to grow at a rapid pace ( figure 2)For over 30 years, clinicians around the world have trusted the evidence-based content in the UpToDate® clinical decision support (CDS) system to help make crucial care decisions when it matters most. Founded by clinicians for clinicians, and backed by an expert editorial team in over 25 specialties, UpToDate provides the latest medical ...Aeromonas species grow at a range of temperatures, although they are isolated with increasing frequency during warmer months (May through October in the Northern hemisphere). Aeromonas species cause a wide spectrum of disease syndromes among warm- and cold-blooded animals, including fish, reptiles, amphibians, mammals, and humans [ 3,4 ].Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP, also called idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, immune thrombocytopenic purpura) is an acquired thrombocytopenia caused by autoantibodies against platelet antigens. It is one of the more common causes of thrombocytopenia in otherwise asymptomatic adults. Major diagnostic concerns in an …

INTRODUCTION. The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is a disorder of impaired water excretion caused by the inability to suppress the secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) [].If water intake exceeds the reduced urine output, the ensuing water retention leads to the development of hyponatremia.Oct 6, 2023 · PARENTERAL DRUGS. A variety of parenteral and oral antihypertensive drugs are available for use in these patients ( table 1) [ 1-7 ]. Few studies have compared these agents with one another, and all are tolerated reasonably well [ 8,9 ]. Thus, the drug of choice is often dictated by the type of hypertensive emergency and the local hospital ... Restless legs syndrome (RLS) refers to an urge to move the legs, usually associated with unpleasant sensations. The urge to move the legs is worse at rest and at night and is relieved by movement. RLS is commonly associated with sleep disturbance and with involuntary, jerking movements of the legs during sleep, known as periodic limb …Hypertriglyceridemia is a common clinical condition most often identified in individuals who have had a lipid profile as part of cardiovascular risk assessment. (See "Screening for lipid disorders in adults", section on 'Choice of tests' and "Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk assessment for primary prevention in adults: Our approach ...UpToDate, electronic clinical resource tool for physicians and patients that provides information on Adult Primary Care and Internal Medicine, Allergy and Immunology, Cardiovascular Medicine, Emergency Medicine, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Family Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hematology, Infectious Diseases, Nephrology and Hypertension, Neurology, Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women ...Powerful and practical clinical knowledge at your fingertips, a personal subscription to UpToDate provides consistent, convenient access to enhance your daily medical practice. UpToDate helps you stay current on the latest evidence-based recommendations across 25 specialties to find answers to your clinical questions. Subscribe.UpToDate provides clinical and drug information, patient education, and AI-powered technologies to support better patient care. Learn about the UpToDate suite of solutions, research, integrations, experts, and CME resources.

Other manifestations include lower abdominal pain and cramping, low-grade fever, nausea, and anorexia [ 2,5 ]. Diarrhea may be associated with mucus or occult blood, but melena or hematochezia are rare. Fever is associated with CDI in about 15 percent of cases; temperature >38.5°C may occur in the setting of nonsevere or severe CDI.

Is it postpartum depression or baby blues? It's not the same condition! These are the symptoms of postnatal depression and how to manage them. Postpartum depression is a mental hea...Vaginitis is the general term for disorders of the vagina caused by infection, inflammation, or changes in the normal vaginal flora. Symptoms include abnormal vaginal discharge, odor, pruritus, and/or discomfort. The initial evaluation typically consists of a history, physical examination, and tests for specific infections, including sexually ...This generally includes an acute change in one or more of the following cardinal symptoms: Cough increases in frequency and severity. Sputum production increases in volume and/or changes character. Dyspnea increases. The management of patients with exacerbations of COPD is discussed here. A table to assist with emergency …The management of bowel obstruction depends upon the etiology, severity, and location of the obstruction. The goals of initial management are to relieve discomfort and restore normal fluid volume, acid-base balance, and electrolytes. Bowel compromise (ischemia, necrosis, or perforation) and a surgically correctable cause of SBO (eg ...Apr 5, 2024 ... Outline · - Respiratory/airborne transmission as primary route · - Minimal role of other person-to-person routes · - Viral shedding and period&...The judgment could add to the debate over marital rape in India. India’s supreme court has marked a big step forward in the fight against the sexual exploitation of minors. In a la...Trusted for more than 30 years, UpToDate® is the clinical decision support resource that provides over 2 million medical professionals worldwide with the latest evidence-based information available across 25 specialties. With the ever-increasing complexity of diseases, medicine, and clinical practice in today's world, UpToDate is dedicated to ...Second dose of a 2023-2024 COVID-19 vaccine for individuals 65 years and older (April 2024) In the United States, a single dose of an updated 2023-2024 formula COVID-19 vaccine is recommended for all immunocompetent adults and adolescents, regardless of prior vaccination history. In February 2024, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ...

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These include fever of unknown origin, bacteremic seeding of heart valves and prosthetic devices, preterm birth of low birth weight children, and an increased risk for coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular events. The complications, diagnosis, and treatment of odontogenic infections will be reviewed here.

UpToDate: Trusted, evidence-based solutions for modern healthcare. Dedicated to continuously innovating to meet the needs of the rapidly changing medical landscape, the UpToDate® suite offers clinical, drug, patient and member content to support health professionals wherever care takes place. Subscribe To UpToDate.Licensed to: UpToDate Marketing Professional Support Tag : [0602 - 207.46.13.154 - FBF59F1322 - PR14 - UPT - 20240510-02:21:15UTC] - SM - MD - LG - XL LoadingAnemia definitions — Anemia is defined for patient care as a reduction in one or more of the major red blood cell (RBC) measurements obtained as a part of the complete blood count (CBC): hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, or RBC count. A low hemoglobin concentration and/or low hematocrit are the parameters most widely used to diagnose …In February 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) designated the disease COVID-19, which stands for coronavirus disease 2019 [ 1 ]. The WHO declared an end to the COVID-19 global health emergency in May 2023, more than three years after its emergence. This topic will discuss the virology, epidemiology, and prevention of COVID-19.Angioedema is self-limited, localized subcutaneous (or submucosal) swelling, which results from extravasation of fluid into interstitial tissues. Angioedema may occur in isolation, accompanied by urticaria, or as a component of anaphylaxis. The clinical features, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and management of angioedema will be …The clinical presentation of adrenal insufficiency is variable, depending on whether the onset is acute, leading to adrenal crisis, or chronic, with symptoms that are insidious and vague. The diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency depends upon a critical level of clinical suspicion. Measurements of serum cortisol within three hours after wakening ...Mar 8, 2024 · Beta-lactamases are enzymes that open the beta-lactam ring, inactivating the antibiotic. The first plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria was discovered in Greece in the 1960s. It was named TEM after the patient from whom it was isolated (Temoniera) [ 2 ]. Subsequently, a closely related enzyme was discovered and named TEM-2. Oct 6, 2023 · PARENTERAL DRUGS. A variety of parenteral and oral antihypertensive drugs are available for use in these patients ( table 1) [ 1-7 ]. Few studies have compared these agents with one another, and all are tolerated reasonably well [ 8,9 ]. Thus, the drug of choice is often dictated by the type of hypertensive emergency and the local hospital ... Art, as we all know, is about following a set number of rules handed to you by another person. In the latest New York Magazine cover story, art critic Jerry Saltz lists 33 steps to...UpToDate, electronic clinical resource tool for physicians and patients that provides information on Adult Primary Care and Internal Medicine, Allergy and Immunology, Cardiovascular Medicine, Emergency Medicine, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Family Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hematology, Infectious Diseases, Nephrology and Hypertension, Neurology, Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women ...Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by fluctuating motor weakness involving ocular, bulbar, limb, and/or respiratory muscles. The weakness is due to an antibody-mediated, immunologic attack directed at proteins in the postsynaptic membrane of the neuromuscular junction (acetylcholine receptors or ...

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by fluctuating motor weakness involving ocular, bulbar, limb, and/or respiratory muscles. The weakness is due to an antibody-mediated, immunologic attack directed at proteins in the postsynaptic membrane of the neuromuscular junction (acetylcholine receptors or ...Moved Permanently. The document has moved here.It may also be associated with acute stress, medication or substances, poor sleep habits, or changes in the sleep environment. The diagnosis of insomnia requires three main components: persistent sleep difficulty, adequate sleep opportunity, and associated daytime dysfunction. The clinical features, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis of ...Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), previously known as von Recklinghausen disease, is the most common type. The hallmarks of NF1 are the multiple café-au-lait macules and associated cutaneous neurofibromas. The condition is called segmental NF1 when clinical features are limited to one area of the body due to somatic mosaicism of a …Instagram:https://instagram. mouse as keyboard Licensed to: UpToDate Marketing Professional Support Tag : [1102 - 104.224.14.69 - 24B2D16B6F - PR14 - UPT - 20240430-16:47:09UTC] - SM - MD - LG - XL Loading msp to den flights Genital herpes is caused by infection with the herpes simplex virus (HSV, usually type 2). It can also be caused by herpes simplex virus type 1, which is the cause of oral herpes (cold sores on the mouth and lips). The spread of HSV is discussed below. (See 'Genital herpes transmission and risk factors' below.) getty exhibits UpToDate is a trusted online resource that provides reliable and current information on various medical topics. Whether you are a physician, a patient, or a student, you can sign in with your email, username, or organization account to access UpToDate's evidence-based answers to your clinical questions. Mar 19, 2024 · Acute pancreatitis is an acute inflammatory process of the pancreas. Overall mortality rates in acute pancreatitis are approximately 2 percent, but can be as high as 30 percent in patients with persistent organ failure (severe acute pancreatitis) [ 1 ]. This topic reviews the management of acute pancreatitis. photoshop pictures Is it postpartum depression or baby blues? It's not the same condition! These are the symptoms of postnatal depression and how to manage them. Postpartum depression is a mental hea... remote for roku stick The pharmacology, efficacy, contraindications, and side effects of metformin for the treatment of diabetes will be reviewed here. A general discussion of initial treatment of type 2 diabetes and the role of metformin in the prevention of diabetes, in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome, and in gestational diabetes are reviewed separately.UpToDate contains a number of patient education articles that discuss breast cancer. The purpose of this overview is to provide a guide to the issues and questions that arise in women with newly diagnosed breast cancer. This topic can serve as a "road map" to the patient education articles that are relevant to your particular situation. equestrian horse Pneumococcal vaccination is indicated for adults with risk factors for pneumococcal disease or for severe adverse outcomes should disease occur. Pneumococcal vaccination is also a routine part of infant and childhood immunization schedules worldwide. This topic will review types of pneumococcal vaccines, indications …With antibiotic treatment, cellulitis heals within seven to 10 days, according to Healthline. Symptoms, such as warmth, redness and swelling may be alleviated within three days of ... islam prayer time As the condition progresses, most people eventually have inflammation of the joints in the arms or legs. Less commonly, some people have inflammation of the hips and in the upper part of the spine. Joint symptoms — Joint-related symptoms typically include stiffness, pain, redness, warmth to the touch, and swelling.UpToDate: Trusted, evidence-based solutions for modern healthcare. Dedicated to continuously innovating to meet the needs of the rapidly changing medical landscape, the UpToDate® suite offers clinical, drug, patient and member content to support health professionals wherever care takes place. Subscribe To UpToDate. cornell bird app Serotonin syndrome, also referred to as serotonin toxicity, is a potentially life-threatening condition associated with increased serotonergic activity in the central nervous system. It is seen with therapeutic medication use, inadvertent interactions between drugs, and intentional self-poisoning [ 1 ]. buffalo flights to miami florida The clinical features of KD reflect widespread inflammation of primarily medium-sized muscular arteries. Diagnosis is based upon evidence of systemic inflammation (eg, fever) in association with signs of mucocutaneous inflammation. The characteristic bilateral nonexudative conjunctivitis, erythema of the lips and oral mucosa, … alison courses online UpToDate: Trusted, evidence-based solutions for modern healthcare. Dedicated to continuously innovating to meet the needs of the rapidly changing medical landscape, the UpToDate® suite offers clinical, drug, patient and member content to support health professionals wherever care takes place. Subscribe To UpToDate.Symptoms and signs — Rhabdomyolysis is characterized clinically by the triad of myalgias, muscle weakness, and red to brown urine due to myoglobinuria [ 1 ]. Biochemically, several serum muscle enzymes are elevated, including CK. The degree of muscle pain and other symptoms varies widely. Most of the symptoms of rhabdomyolysis are nonspecific. how do i turn off safe mode on an android Nov 7, 2023 · Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a condition that causes irregular menstrual periods, symptoms of excess androgens (acne, hirsutism, and scalp hair loss), and ovaries that appear "polycystic" on pelvic ultrasound. The condition occurs in approximately 5 to 10 percent of females. Many females with PCOS are overweight or obese, and they are at ... You receive the entire UpToDate library of specialties with your subscription. Click on a section below to view a detailed list of topics associated with that particular section. If you'd like to see the table of contents for other specialties, click here. Practice Changing UpDates. What's New. Patient Education. Calculators. Authors and Editors.